What can intraspecific trait variability tell us about fungal communities and adaptations?

Abstract Analyses of species functional traits are suitable to better understand the coexistence in a given environment. Trait information can be applied investigate diversity patterns along environmental gradients and subsequently predict mitigate threats associated with climate change land use. Species used calculate community trait means, which related gradients. However, while provide insights into mechanisms underlying assembly, they lead erroneous inferences if mean values used. An alternative is incorporate intraspecific variability (ITV) calculating means. This approach gains increasing acceptance plant studies. For macrofungi, have recently been examine their ecology but, our knowledge, ITV has yet incorporated within framework Here, we present conceptual summary use including ecological theory. Inferences regarding means or without inclusion compared. Finally, an existing study reconsidered highlight variety possible outcomes when considered. We hope this Opinion will increase awareness potential for within-species its importance statistical inferences, interpretations, predictions structuring communities macro- other fungi.